Prep the pan and oven: Line a 12-cup muffin tin with paper liners. Preheat the oven to 350°F (175°C).
Whisk dry ingredients: In a medium bowl, whisk flour, baking powder, baking soda, salt, ginger, cinnamon, nutmeg, and cloves.
Set aside.
Cream butter and sugars: In a large bowl, beat butter, granulated sugar, and brown sugar until light and fluffy, about 2–3 minutes.
Add eggs and flavorings: Beat in eggs one at a time, mixing well after each. Add vanilla and molasses, and mix until smooth. The mixture may look slightly separated—this is normal.
Combine with buttermilk: On low speed, add half the dry ingredients, then the buttermilk, then the remaining dry ingredients.
Mix just until combined. Do not overmix.
Fill the liners: Divide the batter evenly among the liners, filling each about 2/3 to 3/4 full.
Bake: Bake for 17–20 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in the center comes out clean or with a few moist crumbs.
Cool completely: Let cupcakes cool in the pan for 5 minutes, then transfer to a wire rack to cool fully before frosting.
Make the frosting: Beat butter until creamy. Add cream cheese and beat until smooth. Mix in vanilla and salt, then gradually add powdered sugar until fluffy and spreadable.
Frost and finish: Swirl frosting over cooled cupcakes.
Add a sprinkle of cinnamon or a mini gingerbread cookie for a festive touch.